| Efficacy and Safety of AEZS-108 (LHRH Agonist Linked to Doxorubicin) in Women With Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer Expressing LHRH Receptors A Multicenter Phase 2 Trial (AGO-GYN5) The overall response rate was 23%. Two (5%) patients had a CR that lasted at least 8 months and 23 months. Eight (19%) patients had PR. Twenty (47%) patients met the criteria for stable disease, resulting in a clinical benefit rate of 70%. Nine (21%) patients had progressive disease, and 4 patients were not evaluable (1 noncancer death before cycle 2; 3 patients with tumor assessments not evaluable for reviewer). Both patients with CR and 6 women with PR had type I disease. One patient with PR had a serous EC and another had a clear cell EC. Thus, of the 10 patients with objective responses, 8 had type I and 2 hadtype II disease.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3921259/
Grades 1 and 2 endometrioid cancers are type 1 endometrial cancers. Type 1 cancers are usually not very aggressive and do not spread to other tissues quickly.Type 1 endometrial cancersare thought to be caused by excess estrogen. They sometimes develop from atypical hyperplasia, an abnormal overgrowth of cells in the endometrium (see the risk factors section). A small number of endometrial cancers are type 2 endometrial cancer . Type 2 cancers are more likely to grow and spread outside the uterus, they have a poorer outlook (than type 1 cancers). Doctors tend to treat these cancers more aggressively. They don’t seem to be caused by too much estrogen. Type 2 cancers include all endometrial carcinomas that aren’t type 1, such as papillary serous carcinoma, clear-cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, and grade 3 endometrioid carcinoma. These cancers don’t look at all like normal endometrium and so are called poorly differentiated or high-grade.http://www.cancer.org/cancer/endometrialcancer/...-endometrial-cancer
Second-Line Chemotherapy Experience Although chemotherapy has shown an important role in high-risk disease, substantial room for improvement exists. Combination regimens are the most active, but in measurable disease populations responses are observed in only ∼50% or patients, and a complete response is infrequently observed. Both the PFS and survival times have been improved, yet the 5-year survival rate for patients with advanced/recurrent measurable disease patients is <10%, and for those with stage III disease it is typically around 50%–60% [19, 20, 22, 25]. After primary therapy with combination regimens, the efficacy of second-line chemotherapy is particularly limited (Table 3). Antimicrotubule agents have shown the most promise. In a population in which 91% had received doxorubicin–platinum chemotherapy, paclitaxel produced a RR of 25%; the epothilone B analog ixabepilone produced an RR of 12% in a population in which 94% had received prior paclitaxel [16, 28]. Interestingly, docetaxel, which had shown activity in paclitaxel-treated breast and ovarian cancer patients, produced an RR of only 8% (80% had received prior paclitaxel) in patients with advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer [29]. After failure of primary chemotherapy, there is no established active second-line agent in this disease. Understanding the processes by which tumors develop resistance is critical, and defining which patients have the best chance to respond to established or novel therapies is our greatest challenge.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3227900/
Efficacy and Safety of AEZS-108 (LHRH Agonist Linked to Doxorubicin) in Women With Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer Expressing LHRH ReceptorsA Multicenter Phase 2 Trial (AGO-GYN5) Fifty percent of patients progressing on AEZS-108 therapy received carboplatin/paclitaxel as the next line of treatment. This might have also contributed to the good median OS observed in our trial but cannot have influence on the TTP. On the contrary, 8 patientshad received carboplatin/paclitaxel treatment before AEZS-108 therapy. Two of these had anobjective response, and 3 achieved a stable disease on AEZS-108 treatment.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3921259/#R3
high-grade ? (Typ2)Treatment of Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Carcinoma with Doxorubicin in Patients Progressing after Paclitaxel/CarboplatinOur goal was to investigate the activity of doxorubicinin the second-line setting in patients who progressed after paclitaxel/carboplatin adjuvant treatment Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with recurrent endometrial carcinoma who were treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 1995-2009, and who received paclitaxel/carboplatin adjuvant chemotherapy followed by second-line doxorubicin therapy at time of recurrenceResults: At the time of recurrence, all 17 patients were treated with doxorubicin as second-line therapy. No patient achieved objective response of stable disease. The median PFS of this cohort following doxorubicin treatment was 2.1 months (95% CI: 0.95-2.7) months. Median OS was 5.8 months (95% CI: 1.0-15.0 months).Conclusions: Among patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma who had received adjuvant paclitaxel/carboplatin, treatment with doxorubicin at time of disease recurrence failed to achieve any objective responses and was associated with a very short (2 months) time to progression. Doxorubicin may be considered inactive as second-line therapy in this endometrial carcinoma populationDiscussion:Our findings suggest that doxorubicin’s utility in the second-line setting for advanced/recurrent endometrial carcinoma is limited, but prospective testing of this agent is warranted. In the near future, an open-label randomized phase III trial of second line AEZS-108 (doxorubicin linked to LHRH analog) versus doxorubicin in patients progressing after platinum/taxane-based chemotherapy will be open to accrual, and will define the activity of second-line doxorubicin in malignancy. Although our retrospective analysis is limited by evaluation of a small number of patients, we feel that patients with recurrent endometrial carcinoma should be encouraged to consider clinical trials of novel therapies in recurrent endometrial carcinoma since there is no standard second-line therapy with established efficacy. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3694716/
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