Schöner Artikel von businessinsider.com So, a fair price for Facebook might be between $16-$24.
-------------------------------------------------- VALUING FACEBOOK The biggest problem Facebook faces is the deceleration of its revenue. The market doesn't like deceleration, especially when a company's profit margins are already as high as Facebook's. At a 50% operating margin, Facebook's profit margin is likely to go down not up. So Facebook's earnings are only likely to grow at Facebook's revenue growth rate--or slower. That's down from 55% in Q4 of last year, which itself was a sharp slowdown from the prior quarter. This for a company that many people keep saying is a huge threat to . For the record, Google's display-ad business, which competes directly with Facebook's display-ad business, is growing faster than Facebook's. For further comparison, Google's revenue is also 10X as big as Facebook's. And Google has more cash flow than Facebook has revenue. But the market is still valuing Facebook at 1/2 of Google's value. Facebook's free cash flow, meanwhile, has gone negative: The company is now burning cash. Why? Because it's spending so much on data centers. If Facebook's revenue growth doesn't reaccelerate in the rest of this year, it could end up posting revenue growth of less than 40% for the year. That's impressive growth for a normal company, but it's not all that impressive for a company trading at this valuation. If Facebook's growth doesn't reaccelerate, but, instead, continues to decelerate, there's no reason Facebook should have a multiple that is so much higher than that of other tech leaders, like Apple and Google. Apple is trading at about 2013 estimated EPS. Google is trading at about 12X 2013 estimated EPS. Estimates for Facebook's earnings for 2013 range from about $0.40 (BTGI) to $1.00 (my "aggressive" estimate). So Facebook is trading at about 40X-100X 2013 earnings. In other words, Facebook's multiple is VASTLY higher than Apple and Google's even when you use very aggressive future estimates. Yes, Facebook is on a roll. But so is Apple. And so, still, is Google. Facebook is smaller than Apple and Google, so if things continue to go well, it should be able to grow earnings than Apple and Google. But no one has explained--or, arguably, can explain--why Facebook should trade at such a premium to two of the sexiest technology companies on the planet. So where SHOULD Facebook trade? Google was growing much faster than Facebook in its early years. 20X-30X If Facebook can earn $1 per share next year, therefore, it could presumably trade at $20-$30 ($50 billion to $85 billion) based on that. If Facebook's earnings come in as low as Wall Street currently thinks, meanwhile, it could trade below that--possibly well below that. If Facebook traded at Apple and Google's valuation based on Wall Street's current estimate for Facebook's 2013 earnings ($0.60), for example, it would trade at $6-$7. And, remember, the market is still very excited about the prospects for Apple and Google, especially Apple. So I'm just hard-pressed to come up with reasons why Facebook should trade at a multiple that is so vastly much higher than Apple's. But! Won't Facebook's revenue accelerate? After all... Facebook is "just starting to monetize its users." Facebook "can roll out dozens of new products that will generate billions in revenue." Facebook "could go into payments, or apps, or platforms, etc." Facebook "will soon have 2-3 billion users!" Yes, all that is true. But before we give Facebook a humongous premium multiple based on all that, let's acknowledge a few things: First, Facebook is NOT "just starting to monetize its users." , Facebook's business boss, has been at the company for 4 years. Four years is a long time. Google was much bigger than Facebook four years after its business really kicked in. Second, has been extraordinarily clear that he cares more about Facebook's social mission than its business. Unless he has a major change of heart, he is not going to suddenly reverse course and start larding up the with crap just to generate revenue. Third, Facebook's next 2 billion users will be a lot less valuable monetarily than the first 1 billion. The world's richest people are already on Facebook. And those are the people advertisers want to reach. Bottom line, Facebook has had all these potential business lines for many years, and it has been monetizing its users for years. And, right now, the business is still decelerating. But, fine, let's assume Facebook pulls a few rabbits out of hats and its revenue reaccelerates. What's it worth then? If Facebook achieves 50% revenue growth for the next two years (a modest acceleration), it will post revenue of about $5.5 billion in 2012 and $8.3 billion in 2013. At the same extraordinary operating profit margin that Facebook achieved last year (50%+), this will produce earnings of ~$1.8 billion (~$0.65 EPS) this year and ~$2.5 billion (~$1 per share) next year. At $38, here's what those multiples look like: 2012E EPS ("Aggressive Case"): $0.65 2012 PE: ~60X 2013E EPS ("Aggressive Case"): $1.00 2013 PE: ~40X For comparison, again, here are the multiples for another red-hot tech company, : 2012E EPS: $44 2012 PE: 13X 2013E EPS: $50 2013 PE: 10X So Apple's trading at a P/E of 10X next year's estimated earnings, and Facebook's trading at a P/E of 40X using the most aggressive estimates I can come up with. A P/E of 40X isn't ridiculous, but it's expensive. And remember that that PE is on next year's estimated earnings, which are still almost two years from possibly becoming reality. And remember that that estimate is aggressive. So, what's a "fair" value for Facebook? Given Facebook's size, importance, and option value, I'd be willing to pay a modest premium multiple for the company relative to Apple and Google. Those companies have already shown us what they can do, and maybe Facebook really hasn't even stomped on the gas yet. And, yes, Facebook does have the ability to roll out new products that we haven't seen yet. (So do Apple and Google, of course, but let's ignore that for now). Bottom line: I think a fair price for Facebook is 20X-30X 2013 estimated earnings. To be (modestly) conservative, I'll assume that those earnings come in between Wall Street's current consensus--$0.60--and my "aggressive case" estimate--$1.00. I'll use $0.80. So, a fair price for Facebook might be between $16-$24. Will it get there? We'll see. Probably not without a couple of disappointing quarters. But there are about 7,000 other stocks you can buy. So unless it suddenly becomes clear that Facebook is on the way to rolling out amazing new products that we haven't yet seen, I don't see what the rush is to pay much more than that for it. Especially when you can buy Apple for 10X earnings. |
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